PUBLIC HEALTH UNDER CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES: POLICY, RESOURCES, DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS, DEPOPULATION, AND PRESERVATION OF THE NATION’S DEMOGRAPHIC REPRODUCTION POTENTIAL

Abstract

The article provides a systematic analysis of the interrelationship between political decisions, resource potential, demographic processes, and the health status of the population of Ukraine in the context of increasing risks of depopulation. The author demonstrates that political instability, limited effectiveness of socio-economic policy, military conflict, emigration, and related factors contribute to the deterioration of national health, the deepening of the demographic crisis, depopulation, and the loss of demographic reproduction potential. Three demographic development scenarios (optimistic, inertial, and pessimistic) are formulated, and practical recommendations are proposed to prevent depopulation through strengthening family, social, migration, and health policies. Particular emphasis is placed on the prospects of using big data and artificial intelligence in demographic research.

The aim of the study is to conduct an interdisciplinary analysis and identify systemic relationships between political, resource, demographic, and socio-medical factors in contemporary Ukraine, as well as to determine possible ways to counter depopulation and preserve the nation’s demographic reproduction potential based on scientifically grounded strategic public policy decisions, and to develop practical recommendations for policymakers, government officials, and researchers.

Research methods include the systems approach, systems analysis, statistical methods, analytical-synthetic methods, comparative-historical analysis, and scenario forecasting.

Scientific novelty lies in the fact that this study presents, for the first time, a systematic analysis of the interconnections between political, resource, and socio-medical factors within the context of Ukraine’s demographic crisis.

Conclusion. Ukraine is experiencing a severe demographic crisis: mortality significantly exceeds fertility, the population is aging, and migration and military conflict have a negative impact on demographic dynamics.