SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: GOAL 1 «NO POVERTY» AS A STRATEGIC DETERMINANT OF DEMOGRAPHIC STABILITY AND PUBLIC HEALTH IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The article provides a systemic analysis of SDG 1 «No Poverty» within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the context of its impact on demographic processes and public health. It is demonstrated that all targets of SDG 1 form a multi-level system of material, social, and institutional determinants of health. It is substantiated that poverty reduction is not only a socio-economic priority but also a medico-demographic strategy.

A methodological model for impact assessment is proposed, based on the mechanism of population risk shift and the principle of asymmetry of progress and decline. It is shown that poverty reduction has a direct effect on mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs), communicable diseases, life expectancy, and population reproduction.

Objective. To scientifically substantiate the impact of SDG 1 «No Poverty” targets on demographic processes, population health status, and the functioning of the public health system in Ukraine.

Materials and Methods. The study employs:

– system and structural-functional analysis;

– analysis of social determinants of health;

– comparative analysis of international and Ukrainian studies;

– demographic analysis of mortality, morbidity, and life expectancy indicators;

– conceptual modeling of impact (population prevention strategy).

The information base includes data from the United Nations, World Health Organization, World Bank, State Statistics Service of Ukraine, and analytical reports on the socio-economic status of the population.

Scientific Novelty. The scientific novelty lies in demonstrating that SDG 1 has a direct impact on population health, mortality from NCDs and communicable diseases, life expectancy, and population reproduction. A conceptual approach is proposed to consider SDG 1 as a fundamental socio-demographic regulator of the public health system. A model for integrating anti-poverty policy into the architecture of the Ukrainian public health system has been developed.

Results and Conclusions. SDG 1 has a direct impact on public health. In Ukraine, poverty is one of the key structural factors sustaining a high level of mortality from non-communicable diseases (approximately 90% of all deaths). Poverty reduction is a fundamental prerequisite for stabilizing the demographic situation and strengthening public health. Without structural reduction of social inequality, the public health system will not be able to achieve sustainable progress.

The implementation of SDG 1 should be considered an integral component of the national public health strategy.