GENESIS AND MODIFICATION OF THE PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPT OF HARMONY IN THE LITERARY WORLD OF V. VYNNYCHENKO: MATERIALS FOR STUDYING IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Abstract

Aim of the study is to examine the process of formation and transformation of the philosopheme of the «harmonious» in V. Vynnychenko’s short prose, and to trace the evolution of the author's perceptions of the integrity of being from his early works to modernist novellas through the lens of the intellectual context of the early 20th century.

Methodology. The study is based on a comprehensive analysis of literary texts (stories about childhood, the «Namysto» cycle, the novella «Moments») using philosophical-anthropological and comparative-typological methods. This approach allowed for an analysis of the dynamics of the writer's philosophical views within the context of realist and modernist paradigms.

Scientific novelty. For the first time, the genesis of the philosopheme of the «harmonious» in V. Vynnychenko’s short prose is systematically traced as a progression from a child’s perception of the world through folk ethics to an existential understanding of the «happy moment». The specificity of this category's modification in works with folkloric reminiscences is substantiated, and its final transformation into the realm of extra-social existence is proven.

Conclusions: The worldview of the turn-of-the-century prose writer is traced through the prism of moral choice, while the evolution of ethical views is presented within the context of modernist philosophy. It is noted that the genesis of the studied philosopheme originates in a child's perception of the world («A Comedy with Kost», «Fedko the itsy-bitsy»), where harmony appears as a natural, childlike state of integrity that is shattered under the pressure of social determinism. In works featuring folkloric elements (the «Namysto» cycle, including «Oy vypyla, vykhylyla...», «Viyut vitry...»), the concept of harmony is modified, shifting into the realm of folk ethics and fatalism; thus, the philosopheme of harmony becomes more 'mature' and dramatic. The pinnacle of this transformation is the concept of the 'happy moment' (the short story «Moments»), where harmony takes on an existential character. It is established that harmony no longer resides in social order or morality, but in the momentary fusion of the individual with nature and one's own 'Self.' It is emphasized that in V. Vynnychenko’s works, harmony transforms from an aesthetic impression into a practical recipe for saving humanity from chaos and self-destruction. The overall dynamics of this philosopheme reflect the transition of Vynnychenko’s oeuvre from realistic depiction of everyday life to modernist philosophizing.