SOCIO-POLITICAL AND SOCIO-CULTURAL CONDITIONS OF THE EDUCATIONAL SPACE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE IN THE 18th CENTURY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58407/232211Keywords:
socio-political development, sociocultural factors, educationAbstract
The purpose of the article is to analyze and highlight the influence of socio-political, socio-economic and cultural processes on the key features of the development of education in Ukrainian lands in the 18th century.
Methodology. The methodological basis of the research is historical (comparative, generalization) and sociological (structural analysis) methods. The use of a systemic approach will contribute to the consideration of processes in the educational sphere as a system of interrelated components. In addition, the key methods of this research are the analysis of pedagogical, historical-pedagogical and historical-philosophical articles and monographs.
The scientific novelty of the article lies in the comprehensive analysis of socio-political and socio-economic processes that were characteristic of Ukrainian lands during the 18th century; the identification of factors that caused fundamental changes in the social consciousness of the population and became an impetus for transformations in the field of education.
Conclusions. Having creatively assimilated European cultural achievements, Ukraine became a certain repeater of them within the Orthodox space of European civilization. Thanks to the existence of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, Ukraine becomes a powerful intellectual center in which the traditions of Western European education at the time were combined with the national, cultural and religious features of an Orthodox educational institution. Thanks to this, the academy became a place for the dissemination of knowledge within the Orthodox space of Eastern and Southern Europe, opening the possibility of access to high-quality education for its time. Educational processes were an important component of the cultural and intellectual rise of the Baroque era, which was manifested in Ukraine at the end of the 17th – in the middle of the 18th century and which became the personification of symbiosis, the creative assimilation of pan-European trends that were transferred to Ukrainian soil under the influence of national tradition.
In Ukraine, changes in the educational and intellectual spheres took place simultaneously with significant political transformations. These political and social changes represented a gradual incorporation into the Russian state with a simultaneous attack on the national-cultural identity and unification of forms of intellectual life, their inclusion in the overall imperial structure. This process ended with the liquidation of the Cossack Hetmanate, the destruction of Zaporozhian Sich and the reformation of the Cossacks as a state on the Left Bank, the annexation of Crimea and the development of Southern Ukraine, as well as the divisions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the entry of Right Bank Ukraine into the empire. Such geopolitical changes led to significant ideological reorientations, including in the environment of Ukrainianism itself: from a part of the European world, Ukraine turned into a part of the empire, and from now on the connection with the European intellectual space took place through the mediation of the administrative structures of the empire and under its ideological control.
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