TO THE PROBLEM OF DEFINING APPLIED ART (IN HISTORICAL RETROSPECT) IN THE TRAINING OF FUTURE ARTISTS

Abstract

The arts, thanks to which the material and artistic culture of the surrounding world is created, are called architectural or spatial-plastic arts. This is architecture, decorative and applied arts, design. Due to the fact that there is a certain vagueness in the formulation of the essence of the concept, the uncertainty of the range of objects covered by applied art, it is of priority scientific interest. This is confirmed by disputes among scientists and artists regarding the clarity of terminological definitions of individual categories.
The article's purpose is a scientific and theoretical definition of the essence and specific patterns of applied art in historical retrospect for better training of student artists.
The methodological basis of the research is a historical-retrospective review of the development of applied art and a historiographical analysis of the evolution of the concept of «applied art».
The scientific novelty of the research consists in the use of a historical-retrospective and historiographical approach in determining the essence and characteristic features of applied art, its connections with folk art and design.
Conclusions. The history of the development of applied art testifies to the continuous expansion of its boundaries due to mastering the consequences of technical progress – from the first forms of specialization of multifaceted branches of artistic craft to the technique of manufacturing production, from it – to the art industry and modern design. The historical and retrospective review of the development of applied art allows us to better understand the essence of this concept, which is used to denote a peculiar branch of artistic and technical creativity. This
approach makes it possible to better understand the essence of art in general, the evolution of applied art and its connection with folk art and design.