SPRINTER ATHLETES’ TEMPERAMENT INFLUENCE ON THEIR COMPETITIVE ACTIVITIES

Abstract

The article purpose is to find ways improving psychological condition of sprint athletes who are trained in children sports schools.

The article methodology consists of presentation results of theoretical research on the study of modern scientific features of psychological training of the athlete’s personality.

Scientific novelty. The results are developed experimentally substantiated special «methods of mental training» mainly for athletes who did this sport accordingly to specifics for training in children’s sports schools. Diagnosis of athletes’ qualities was carried out before and after the introduction of a special «methods of mental training». Psychological training of sprinters was carried out for nine months for 30 minutes. Methods of mental training of athletes-sprinters consisted of the following means: autogenic training, ideomotor training, mental rehearsals, mental imatotraining, psychotraining of volitional attention.

Conclusions. The use of different content options for autogenic training and self-regulation gave the opportunity to achieve high results for athletes with different properties of the nervous system and temperament. And for people with a strong nervous system, low-anxiety, emotionally unexcitable in competitive conditions the greatest mobilization and stimulation techniques has an effect. For the weak nervous system, highly anxious and emotionally excitable the greatest options of self-confidence, algorithmization have a positive effect (programming) of their sports activities. It is determined that one of pre-start condition of athletes there is the level of volitional qualities development and is relevant in view of maintenance pre-start athletes’ psychological state at the appropriate level.