MODELING OF INDICATORS OF STRUCTURE OF COMPETITIVE ACTIVITY AND SPECIAL PREPARATION OF HIGHLY QUALIFIED ATHLETES, WHO SPECIALIZE IN FREESTYLE SWIMMING AT THE DISTANCE OF 100 METERS

Abstract

The article’s purpose is development of model indicators of highly qualified sportsmen, who specialize in freestyle swimming at the distance of 100 meters.

Methodology. The methods that were used in the work for achieve this goal are: analysis and generalization of literary sources, filming, timing, anthropometric measurement, testing, psychophysiological indicators, methods of mathematical statistics.

The collection of experimental data was carried out on the Championships and Cups of Ukraine on swimming in the period from 2015 to 2019. The contingent of the subjects were athletes who had the level of sports qualification: Master of sports, Master of sports of international class. All of them were participants in the final swims on the 100 meters freestyle.

The scientific novelty is to determine the features of technical and tactical actions of highly qualified athletes while overcoming distance of 100 meters freestyle; construction of their anthropometric and psychophysiological profile; supplementing knowledge about the degree of influence of indicators of the structure of competitive activities and special preparation on the result of swimming the distance of 100 meters freestyle; development of model characteristics of the most significant parameters of the structure of competitive activity and special training of athletes, which provide a successful performance at a distance of 100 meters freestyle.

Conclusions. As a result of the research it is proved that swimming 100 meters freestyle has its own specifics, which is reflected in changes in technical and tactical skills, as well as leaves an imprint on the anthropometric and psychophysiological profile of sprinters.

The result in the distance of 100 meters freestyle is influenced by a number of anthropometric and technical and tactical indicators of the structure of special preparation of athletes. The influence of psychophysiological parameters on the result of overcoming the sprint distance of 100 meters is insignificant.

The use of model characteristics of significant parameters of the structure of competitive activity and special preparation of highly qualified swimmers, which most influence on the result of swimming 100 meters freestyle, allows to determine the compliance of individual parameters of a particular athlete, to choose effective ways to improve the training process for him, which will promote the growth of sportsmanship.