ETHNOGRAPHIC PRACTICE AT THE INSTITUTE OF HISTORY: EXPERIENCE AND PERSPECTIVES

Abstract

The purpose of the work: to highlight the history of the organization and conduct of ethnographic practice at the Faculty of History/Educational and Scientific Institute of History and Socio-Humanitarian Disciplines named after O.M. Lazarevsky. To determine the educational value of this component of the educational program for students and to indicate its role in the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war as an oral historical study for the formation (preservation) of the historical memory of the Ukrainian people.

The methodological basis constitutes a set of general scientific and specific historical principles and methods, among which the practical use of opportunities and tools of oral history played a leading role.

The novelty of the study. The implementation of ethnographic practice in the educational process at the Faculty of History is considered, the directions of research, conditions and covered territories are characterized, special attention is paid to the methods and types of oral historical information collection: observation; survey; oral survey of respondents.

Conclusions. Over the course of three decades, the History Faculty/Institute of History conducted a constant scientific search and optimization of the forms and methods of conducting practice: defining the topic, searching for the research region, adapting practice tasks in accordance with the scientific preferences of the department's employees. The main attention was paid to the culture (material and spiritual) of Chernihiv Oblast, customs and traditions of the local population in different historical periods. The full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 forced the teachers and students of the institute to reorient themselves to the study of current issues in order to preserve historical memory for posterity: «Everyday life of the population of Chernihiv Oblast in the conditions of a full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022». The collected information makes it possible to reproduce in chronological order the course of events during the temporary Russian occupation (isolation) of populated areas of Chernihiv Oblast in February-April 2022, it is an important component of historical memory. In addition, student youth gained experience communicating with different population groups, improved social interaction and communication skills, gained valuable knowledge about the psychology of ordinary citizens in traumatic situations and the skills to work with them, deepened their knowledge about Russian aggression in Chernihiv Oblast from oral historical sources, and formed their own vision of military events on the border territories.