BIOPHYSICS AND ENERGETICS OF MUSCLE ACTIVITY IN MARTIAL ARTS

Abstract

Martial arts combine physical strength, endurance, reaction speed and strategic thinking. The effective execution of combat techniques is based on the laws of biophysics, which determine the optimal parameters of movements, mechanisms for generating force and using energy. Muscular activity in martial arts includes cycles of contraction and relaxation, which depend on the type of physical activity (strikes, blocks, throws, deflections). An important aspect is the rational use of the body's energy systems, in particular aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, which determines the endurance and speed of recovery of a fighter. Optimal coordination of muscle work allows you to minimize energy losses and increase the efficiency of motor actions. Analysis of the biophysical characteristics of muscle activity in martial arts contributes to the improvement of training methods and the development of effective combat strategies.

Purpose: to investigate the biophysical mechanisms of muscle activity in martial arts, focusing on the main energy systems, types of muscle contraction and their influence on the dynamics of movements.

Methodology. The study is based on the analysis of scientific literature, observations of athletes participating in martial arts and own experience of practical analysis of movements. The kinematic and dynamic features of striking and defensive movements, their connection with muscle activity and endurance are considered.

Scientific novelty. The main energy modes of muscle activity when performing combat techniques are determined, the influence of different types of muscle contraction on the speed, strength and endurance of the athlete is analyzed.

Conclusions. The study confirms that the success of combat techniques depends on the correct organization of energy processes in the muscles. The use of different modes of muscle contraction, optimization of the work of aerobic and anaerobic energy sources allows to improve the efficiency of motor actions and reduce the athlete's fatigue.