A TEACHER IN THE PEDAGOGICAL LEGACY OF HRYHORII SKOVORODA

Abstract

This article provides a historical and pedagogical analysis of the figure of a teacher in the pedagogical legacy of Hryhorii Skovoroda based on a complete academic collection of his works. The relevance of the study is determined by the need of modern pedagogical science for value-based and humanistic guidelines for rethinking the role of the teacher in the context of competence-based and personality-oriented education. The focus is on the concept of teaching as spiritual guidance, moral example, and facilitation of self-identification of a student.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the figure of the teacher in Hryhorii Skovoroda’s pedagogical system on the basis of his works, to identify the key characteristics of pedagogical activity through the prism of the concept of «srodnoi pratsi» (congenial labor), and to determine the relevance of these ideas for modern education.

The research methodology is based on historical-pedagogical and comparative approaches using the methods of analysis, interpretation, and theoretical generalization.

The scientific novelty lies in the systematic understanding of the figure of a teacher in the legacy of Hryhorii Skovoroda through the prism of modern educational concepts: pedagogy of partnership, humanistic and value-oriented education.

Conclusions: a teacher in the pedagogical legacy of Hryhorii Skovoroda is a personality who strives for self-knowledge and realizes his own life in accordance with his inner calling. According to Hryhorii Skovoroda, a teacher is not a transmitter of knowledge, but a spiritual educator of students’ personalities, who directs his influence towards the formation of inner integrity, moral maturity, and harmony inside a person and with the world. Materialistically oriented knowledge in this system is considered limited and auxiliary, while the true goal of education is to nurture the «inner person». Thus, according to Hryhorii Skovoroda, a teacher is a spiritual mentor who accompanies students on the path to peace of mind, self-realization, and the fullness of human existence.