PRIORITY ISSUES OF STUDY MIGRATION PROCESSES IN UKRAINE 1991-2024

Abstract

The purpose of the work is a comprehensive study of the factors of origin, essence, features of migration processes in Ukraine in 1991-2024 years, determination of the optimal source base for the implementation of the tasks research and clarification of possible consequences of mass movements of Ukrainian citizens to European countries.

The methodological basis of the article, taking into account its interdisciplinary thematic orientation, make up different methods of scientific research. First of all, these are general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, abstraction and generalization. Among the purely historical methods, the methods of comparison and periodization should be pointed out. Separate elements of the essence research methodology and the consequences of mass migrations are methods of statistical compilation, absolute and relative evaluation.

The novelty of scientific exploration should include an attempt for the first time in domestic historical science to carry out a comprehensive analysis factors, essence and consequences of mass emigration processes that took place in Ukraine during the last decade and therefore became the result of the priority influence not only of already "traditional" socio-economic factors, but also primarily of socio-political upheavals caused by the war.

The historical periodization of migration processes will be improved by defining migration sub-periods and identifying local migration processes, the analysis of which will expand the understanding of established historical views on the genesis of migration movements in Ukraine and their impact on European countries.

Conclusions. Throughout the studied period, significant migration movements took place in Ukraine. At the same time, the migration balance gradually became more and more negative. Despite the nature of all these migrations, all of them had a significant impact on socio-demographic and ethno-national processes both in Ukraine and in Europe.

Carrying out an objective objective analysis of the problem requires the involvement of methodological techniques characteristic of various social sciences: history, sociology, demography, ethnology, statistics, etc. The comprehensiveness of the subject analysis necessitates the study of archival and published documentary information of government reporting, legislative acts and statistical data of general population censuses and current statistics. Only a complex thorough analysis of the entire available source base will allow to reach the most comprehensive and unbiased conclusions regarding the investigated historical problem.

Emigration processes played and will continue to play a leading role in depopulation in Ukraine. The main task of the country's government is becoming more and more clearly the problem of forming a balanced social policy and constructive political actions aimed at encouraging the citizens of our country not to leave the country of their own free will, and not as a result of coercion and stimulation of the return of Ukrainian emigrants home in accordance with the stated principles of democracy and freedom.