CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF TRAINING PUBLIC HEALTH SPECIALISTS AND THEIR EMPLOYMENT

Abstract

The article presents the problems of training personnel for the public health system in modern conditions and justifies the need to apply, in this process, the theory and practice of the public health sphere. It is proved that in the process of creating an effectively functioning public health system, it is necessary to form a system of training specialists in many specialties necessary for the formation, from the standpoint of causal reasoning, of an interdisciplinary team of adequate response to public health challenges.

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need to improve the system of training public health specialists.

Methodology. The study used an interdisciplinary approach that combines historical-analytical, comparative and systemic methods. The historical-analytical method allowed us to trace the stages of the formation of personnel policy in the agrarian sector of Ukraine, in particular in the system of the Ministry of Agrarian Policy, taking into account socio-economic and political transformations. Comparative analysis made it possible to compare approaches to staffing in different periods, to identify effective practices and shortcomings. A systematic approach was used for a comprehensive consideration of human resources as a key resource for sustainable develop­ment of the agricultural sector, taking into account the interrelation of managerial, educational and organizational aspects.

The scientific novelty lies in the comprehensive analysis of the formation and transformation of human resources in the system of the Ministry of Agrarian Policy of Ukraine in the context of modernization processes in the agricultural sector. For the first time, approaches to the formation of professional competence of personnel in the field of agricultural management have been systematized, taking into account modern challenges. Special attention is paid to the role of educational institutions in providing human resources, which was not previously considered as a holistic system in connection with the state agrarian policy. Key factors influencing the effectiveness of human resources policy have been identified, in particular regulatory, organizational and socio-economic aspects.

Conclusions. Training of public health specialists is a strategically important step for strengthening the healthcare system of Ukraine. This will allow not only to respond more effectively to modern challenges, but also to create a basis for long-term improvement of population health. Investments in this area will ensure the country's sustainability and development in the face of social, environmental and political changes. The analysis of the situation shows that the training of personnel for the public health system in Ukraine is insufficient and unsystematic. Given that the problem of human health is an extremely complex and multifactorial category, therefore, accordingly, the system of training public health specialists should be built in such a way that they are knowledgeable in all areas of human life and the factors that influence and shape human health, their lifestyle and are able to work at the international, national, regional and local government levels, as well as at the global, sectoral and inter-sectoral levels, sectoral and inter-sectoral levels, apply an interdisciplinary approach, in order to ensure high quality services to protect the health of the population, etc. Training programs for the public health system should be based on systems theory and a systemic approach to health problems, the requirements of modern management. Public health specialists should master methods of monitoring and controlling the spread of non-communicable and infectious diseases and analyzing the health status of the population, the methodology for developing preventive programs, taking into account causal reasoning, in order to improve the health of the population.