NUTRITION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON BIOLOGICAL AGING IN SPORT AND PHYSICAL CULTURE

Abstract

The article examines biological age as a complex indicator of the physiological state of the body, reflecting its actual functional capacity and degree of wear in comparison to chronological age. Special attention is given to the role of nutrition as one of the key factors influencing the rate of aging. The effects of major nutrients-including antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and water-on physiological processes related to aging are analyzed. Criteria and methods for determining biological age are presented, including both functional tests and biochemical indicators. The importance of balanced nutrition in reducing the risk of age-related diseases, preserving physiological functions, and slowing age-related changes is substantiated. Thus, the analysis of nutritional factors affecting biological age is an essential component of professional training in physical culture and sports, as it provides a scientific foundation for making practical decisions in training, rehabilitation, and general wellness practices.

Purpose of the study. To analyze the relationship between nutrition and human biological age, identify key criteria for evaluating biological age, and justify dietary strategies that contribute to slowing the body's aging processes.

Methodology is based on an interdisciplinary approach, incorporating the analysis of modern scientific sources in the fields of physiology, gerontology, nutrition science, and aging medicine. A structured analysis allows for systematization of biochemical, clinical, and functional para­meters that characterize biological age and exploration of their dependence on nutritional factors.

Scientific novelty lies in clarifying the concept of biological age in the context of nutritional influence. Scientific data on the role of individual dietary components in modifying aging processes are summarized, and a structured approach to assessing biological age considering nutrient status is proposed-an important step in training future specialists in physical culture and sports.

Conclusions. Nutrition is a key modifiable factor influencing the rate of biological aging. A diet rich in antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, vitamins, and water supports the body's functional potential, improves metabolic processes, and reduces the risk of age-related pathologies. Understanding the impact of nutrients on biological age allows for the development of personalized dietary recommendations aimed at prolonging active longevity.